Space Law Essay Example

Space Law Essay â€Å"Lawst in Space† The idea of room law, a part of universal law, started with United States President Dwight D. Eisenhowers presentation of the thought into the United Nations in 1957, regarding demobilization arrangements. The United Nations General Assembly accepted accountability for all space matters and released it basically through its Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space (COPUOS). It was built up in 1958, not long after the dispatch of Sputnik, the primary fake satellite to be placed into space by the Soviet Union, as a specially appointed board of trustees. In 1959 it was officially settled by United Nations goals 1472 (XIV). Around then the Committee had 24 individuals. From that point forward it has developed to 69 individuals and is perhaps the biggest board of trustees in the United Nations. The mission of COPUOS is to audit the extent of universal collaboration in tranquil employments of space, to devise programs in this field to be attempted under United Nations sponsorship, to support proceeded with research and the spread of data on space matters, and to contemplate lawful issues emerging from the investigation of space. The limit between airspace, the air over every national region which is dependent upon that country’s sovereign control, and space stays open to discuss. Some kindness definitions dependent on the sythesis of the environment. Others favor an utilitarian methodology; if business aircrafts utilize a specific layer of the air, it ought to be viewed as airspace. The current worldwide legitimate standards on s pace lay on five arrangements. We will compose a custom article test on Space Law explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom paper test on Space Law explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom paper test on Space Law explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer They are the Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including Other Celestial Bodies (Outer Space Treaty of 1967), the Agreement on the Rescue of Astronauts, the Return of Astronauts and the Return of Objects Launched into Outer Space (Rescue Agreement), the Agreement Governing the Activities of States on the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies (Moon Treaty of 1979), the 1972 Convention on International Liability for Damage Caused by Space Objects (Liability Convention) and the 1975 Convention on Registration of Objects Launched into Outer Space (Registration Convention). Every one of these arrangements underlines the thought that the area of space, the exercises did in that and whatever advantage may gather accordingly ought to be dedicated to improving the prosperity all things considered and mankind, and each incorporates components explaining advancing global collaboration in space exercises. The Outer Space Treaty was considered by the Legal Subcommittee in 1966 and understanding was reached in the General Assembly around the same time through goals 2222 (XXI). The Treaty was to a great extent dependent on the Declaration of Legal Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, which had been embraced by the General Assembly in its goals 1962 (XVIII) in 1963, however included a couple of new arrangements. The Treaty was opened for signature by the three store Governments, the Russian Federation, the United Kingdom and the United States of America, in January 1967, and it went into power in October 1967. As of January 1, 2008, 98 States, including the United States and the various significant spacefaring nations, had approved and an extra 27 had marked the Outer Space Treaty. The Outer Space Treaty gives the fundamental system on worldwide space law, including the accompanying standards: †¢the investigation and utilization of space will be done for the advantage and in light of a legitimate concern for all nations and will be the territory of all humankind †¢outer pace will be free for investigation and use by all States without segregation and there will be free access to all zones of heavenly bodes †¢outer space isn't dependent upon national allotment by case of power, by methods for use or occupation, or by some other methods †¢states attempt not to put in circle around the Earth any items conveying atomic weapons or some other sorts of weapons of mass pulverization, introduce such weapons on divine bodies, or station such weapons in space in some other way †¢the Moon and other divine bodies will be utilized by all States Parties to the Treaty solely for tranquil purposes. The foundation of army installations, establishments an d fortresses, the testing of a weapons and the lead of military moves on heavenly bodies will be prohibited †¢astronauts will be viewed as the emissaries of humanity †¢States will be answerable for national space exercises whether conveyed ut by administrative or non-legislative exercises †¢a express that dispatches a satellite is globally obligated for harm to another State Party to the Treaty or to its normal or juridical people by such article or its segment parts on the Earth, in air space or in space †¢States will maintain a strategic distance from unsafe pollution of room and divine bodies †¢in the investigation and utilization of space, parties will be guided by the rule of co-activity and shared help and will direct the entirety of their exercises in space . with due respect to the relating interests of every single other State Parties If a State Party to the Treaty has motivation to accept that a movement or test arranged by it or its nationals in s pace . . . would cause conceivably unsafe obstruction with the exercises of different States Parties in the serene investigation and utilization of space . . . t will embrace fitting interviews before continuing with any such action or investigation The Rescue Agreement was thought of and haggled by the Legal Subcommittee from 1962 to 1967. Accord understanding was reached in the General Assembly in 1967 through goals 2345 (XXII), and the Agreement went into power in December 1968. The Agreement gives that States will find a way to protect and help space travelers in trouble and expeditiously return them to the starting State, and that States will, upon demand, give help to propelling States in recouping space questions that arrival to Earth outside the domain of the Launching State. As of January 1, 2008, 90 States, including the United States, had endorsed, 24 had consented to the Rescue Arrangement and two worldwide intergovernmental associations, the European Space Agency and the European Organization for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites, had proclaimed its acknowledgment of the rights and commitments accommodated in this Agreement. The Liability Convention was thought of and haggled by the Legal subcommittee from 1963 to 1972. Understanding was reached in the General Assembly in 1971 through goals 2777 (XXVI), and the Convention went into power in September 1972. It gives that a starting State will be totally at risk to pay for harm brought about by its space objects on the outside of the Earth or to airplane, and at risk for harm because of its shortcomings in space. The Convention additionally accommodates methodology for the settlement of cases for harms. As of January 1, 2008, 86 States had confirmed, 24 had marked the Liability Convention and three worldwide intergovernmental associations, the European Space Agency, the European Organization for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites, and the European Telecommunications Satellite Organization, had pronounced their acknowledgment of the rights and commitments accommodated in this Agreement. The Registration Convention gives that the starting State ought to outfit to the United Nations, when practicable, the accompanying data concerning each space object: †¢name of propelling State †¢an proper designator of the space item or its enrollment number †¢date and domain or area of dispatch †¢basic orbital boundaries, including: onodal period (the time between two progressive northbound intersections of the equator) oinclination (tendency of the circle) apogee (the most elevated height over the Earths surface) operigee (the least height over the Earths surface) â⠂¬ ¢general capacity of the space object Member States directing space dispatches have been mentioned by the Committee to furnish the United Nations with data on their launchings. A vault of launchings has been kept up by the Secretariat since 1962, as per General Assembly goals 1721 B (XVI). Since the Convention on Registration of Objects Launched into Outer Space went into power in 1976, another register of launchings has been built up for data got from Member States and intergovernmental associations that are gatherings to the Convention. Starting at 1 January 2008, 51 States, including the United States, had approved, 4 had marked and two global intergovernmental associations, the European Space Agency and European Organization for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites, had proclaimed their acknowledgment of the rights and commitments accommodated in the Registration Convention. The Moon Agreement was thought of and explained by the Legal Subcommittee from 1972 to 1979. The Agreement was received by the General Assembly in 1979 through goals 34/68. It was not until June 1984, that the fifth nation, Austria, approved the Agreement, permitting it to go into power in July 1984. The Agreement reaffirms and develops huge numbers of the arrangements of the Outer Space Treaty as applied to the Moon and other divine bodies, giving that those bodies s

Schools and court systems need to work together to tackle the problem Article

Schools and court frameworks need to cooperate to handle the issue with trauncy and increment graduation rate - Article Example So as to forestall truancy one needs to discover the fundamental purpose for truancy. Trujillo (2006) sees there are four essential drivers behind truancy - understudy socioeconomics, family attributes, individual and mental variables of the understudy, and atmosphere and state of family, school and society (Trujillo, 2006, p.74). Truancy and Dropouts School non-appearance and truancy isn't generally the equivalent. There are different sorts of non-appearance and not all are gathered under the term truancy. Nonattendance of an understudy from explicit classes or in course of explicit exercises or nonappearance under parental assent would not fall under truancy. Be that as it may, nonappearance with no legitimate explanation can be considered under truancy. In the event that nonattendance without valid justification proceeds, at that point quite possibly understudies may bring about poor scholarly outcomes. At some point awful relations with instructors or companions, inclusion in unc onstructive exercises cause truancy. When a youthful understudy begins accepting that they are lingering behind their bunch mates then the propensity of dropping out additionally increments quickly as the last choice is more advantageous than contending with others (Reid, 2005, p.59). Truancy and Juvenile Crime Truancy not just influences the youthful age of the nation yet additionally hampers the development of the populace just as advancement of things to come age. The immediate and circuitous impacts of truancy consistently affect singular, families, school and society in both short just as long haul. Zhang et.al (2007) sees that truancy crushes potential in young people. Therefore they are set out toward social detachment, crimes and training disappointment. Propensity of constant nonappearance in the early school days was related with poor outcomes in assessment, separation from friends’ bunches which at last caused dropouts in not so distant future. In their audit, they likewise called attention to that, truancy represented practically 26% of adolescent wrongdoing cases. As indicated by their perspective, truancy can be considered as a first indication of difficulty and most impressive explanation behind the reprobate conduct. Understudies who miss infrequent classes were more disposed to get dependent on cannabis than the individuals who never skip. They likewise referenced that understudies who conceded being associated with truancy were, prone to be accounted for having carried out genuine wrongdoings, and captured attributable to their inclusion in genuine ambush. By and large when young people were missing from school, the pace of wrongdoing expanded during the school going years as it were. A few truants were accounted for hanging out during educational time, cruising in vehicles, and falling into difficulty while playing hooky (Zhang et.al, 2007, pp. 246-250). How Truancy Affect Dropout Dropouts from the school is straightforwardly connecte d with truancy. In the start of their school days, on the off chance that understudies stay missing from school with no legitimate explanation, at that point they in the long run think about this as a propensity. White and Kelly watch the paces of dropout in USA were 11% among the age gathering of 18-24 in the year 2008. They additionally called attention to the way that pace of drop out was higher among the low salary bunch which was 10.4% contrasted with that of the high pay gathering (2.5%) around the same time. Truancy and non-appearance was the fundamental purpose for this expanded pace of drop out. When it turns into a propensity, understudies decided to drop out as opposed to making up for lost time. In 2007 right around 9 percent understudies from the age gathering of 16-24 years dropped

Use Persuasive Essay Topics to Write About Current Events

Use Persuasive Essay Topics to Write About Current EventsCurrent events are a very important part of your persuasive essay topic choices. Writing about the current events will give your audience a chance to experience what it is like to be in your situation and also to understand the problems you're facing.Nowadays, lots of businesses use current events in their advertising and marketing campaigns. Many people want to know more about them. One way to get their attention is by writing an informative and persuasive essay topic about the current events. You can easily learn these persuasive essay topics through reading books and magazines and by using your own research.When you choose the topic, make sure you include some perspective. Don't be too broad or too narrow, as your goal is to convince the reader of what your perspective on the current events. Sometimes people may not be able to relate to your position because they cannot understand your point of view. They might find your arg ument boring and they will get bored reading your article. This will negatively affect your chances of persuading your readers.Use neutral points of view when writing about current events. You may mention that the weather conditions, terrorist attacks, political conflict, new technology and so on. But do not focus too much on these topics. Only the most important current events should be included in your persuasive essay topic. They must be well discussed and explained so that your audience can learn something from it.The format for your essay topic should also be carefully decided. It must be long and detailed enough to keep the attention of your audience. You can even link your essay with another, more involved topic to drive home your point. You can do this by including related words in your thesis statement and by referencing some information found elsewhere in your writing.If you are to build an argument, you must provide the reader with information. However, do not jump at con clusions. Provide a reader with enough facts to make them question or challenge their current thought.Make sure you understand the current events, their causes and effects. You can take advantage of current events in order to identify common problems and solutions. This will make your persuasive essay topic stand out from others.Using persuasive essay topics is easy. Simply prepare a list of your current topics and consider whether you need to add a twist to them to make them more compelling.

Why the Jim Crow Laws Came About Essay - 676 Words

Analysis The history of African Americans has had a great impact on our country. They have gone through an extended period of slavery and discrimination and judgment. They are treated, to this day, as a lower level based upon their skin color and their background. They spent many years trying to advance on the social ladder, but had trouble in the process. Every obstacle they overcame, such as slavery, was short lived do to the next, such as voting restrictions. The major reason they were able to gain the right to vote was because of the passing of the 15th Amendment, which allowed them to vote freely. Yet many argue that African Americans were able to obtain the right to vote because of the already expected social change and the easy†¦show more content†¦The 15th Amendment was the result of the hard work and dedication of various African Americans. Lastly, the 15th Amendment is the reason African Americans were able to vote because that is exactly what the Amendment was cr eated for. In the amendment, it states that â€Å" the right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied †¦Ã¢â‚¬  meaning that no one can be denied that right based on any differences. The creation of the 15th Amendment was exactly what African Americans worked hard to obtain. Many people in society felt that a change was already fast approaching without the help of the 15th Amendment. It was expected that a social change would happen, society just never expected it to be the end of slavery. Everyone began to see the change when those in power, such as Abraham Lincoln and President Lyndon B. Johnson, showed support of African American advancement. Both Presidents worked for the cause of equality of races because they had a vision of a new America where everyone was to be treated equally. Even though it was obvious that a change was coming, it is clear that without the passing of the 15th Amendment, African Americans would never have had the right to vote because society would have never seen them as equal. Indeed, slavery was over but that did not mean that the white community had to accept them as equal.Show MoreRelatedWilliam Edward Burghardt Du Bois1020 Words   |  5 PagesHart August 20, 2015 Research Paper William Edward Burghardt Du Bois was one of the most important activist in the early 20th century. He was born February 23, 1868 in Great Barrington, Massachusetts. In 1885 Du Bois came across his first encounter with the Jim Crow laws. He went to Harvard to receive his masters and before completing his masters he was offered an opportunity to study abroad in Berlin. Du Bois is known for many of his accomplishments such as being one of the most importantRead MoreEssay A Review of The Strange Career of Jim Crow1072 Words   |  5 PagesA Review of The Strange Career of Jim Crow C. Vann Woodward’s most famous work, The Strange Career of Jim Crow, was written in 1955. It chronicles the birth, formation, and end of Jim Crow laws in the Southern states. Often, the Jim Crow laws are portrayed as having been instituted directly after the Civil War’s end, and having been solely a Southern brainchild. However, as Woodward, a native of Arkansas points out, the segregationist Jim Crow laws and policies were not fully a part ofRead MoreJim Crow And The Civil Rights Movement1363 Words   |  6 Pages During this time, Jim Crow laws were heavily enforced, but where did these Jim Crow laws come from? Why were these oppressive laws named Jim Crow? While many people have heard of Jim Crow laws, most do not know or understand the origins, history, affects, and aftermaths of this infamous name. The name Jim Crow was not randomly chosen. During the 1830s, Thomas D. Rice, a white entertainer and playwright, became famous because of his black-face comedic act, Jim Crow. Jim Crow was the portrayal ofRead MoreJournal Entry of a Subordinate Group Member753 Words   |  4 Pagesmy mother plus ask her many questions. I remember asking her, â€Å"Why am I called an African American?† My mother went on to say that our race originated in Africa. After she explained this to me I asked her, â€Å"How did we get here?† She replied by explaining that we were first people sent here as early as 1619 (Robinson, 1999). My mother went on to explain to me that we were part of a slave trade. I learned that we were slaves until a law was passed to give us freedom. I occasionally wonder if thereRead MoreJim Crow Laws Essay1613 Words   |  7 PagesComedy performer Thomas â€Å"Jim Crow† Rice coined the term â€Å"Jim Crow† through his derogatory minstrel shows in wh ich danced and sang in an offensive way towards African Americans while covered in black shoe polish. Even though Rice was only trying to entertain his audience, his performances suggested that all African Americans were ignorant useless buffoons Rice’s performances were so derogatory towards African Americans that they removed signs of humanity from them and caused people to become lessRead MoreThe Strange Career Of Jim Crow By C. Vann Woodward907 Words   |  4 PagesThe book, The Strange Career of Jim Crow by C. Vann Woodward is an enormously influential book in history. Woodward was born in 1908 in a small town in Arkansas named Vanndale and he died at the age of 91 in December 1999. The most interesting thing about this book is not just the particular events in history, or the misconceptions and myths that Woodward discusses, but rather how badly the problem of race is in America. Since the United States introduced the slaves into their country there has alwaysRead More The Jim Crow Laws : The Challenges Of The Jim Crow Laws1099 Words   |  5 Pagessegregation laws known as the Jim Crow Laws dominated the United States, specifically in the South. These laws required schools, parks, libraries, forms of public transportation and even drinking fountains to be segregated into â€Å"Whites Only† and â€Å"Coloreds†. Although the Jim Crow Laws intended to treat blacks â€Å"separate but equal†, blacks received poorer conditions in their public facilities, were denied the right to vote and were treated with no respect from the whites (Jim Crow Laws). In RichardRead MoreRacism And Discriminatory Events Throughout History1537 Words   |  7 Pagesevents are the basis of Harper Lee’s To Kill a Mockingbird. The novel references Jim Crow laws, mob mentality, as well as the issues of racism and discrimination in that period of time. To begin, the first topics inspired by real life events in the novel were the Jim Crow laws. Jim Crow was a set of laws that aimed to discriminate against African Americans in every aspect of life. First, white people believed that the laws were necessary because they thought white people were superior to blacks. TheyRead MoreComing Of Age Throughout Mississippi, By Anne Moody1655 Words   |  7 PagesDuring the post-reconstruction era from 1877 to the mid-1960s, primarily southern and border states operated under a racial caste system referred to as Jim Crow. Not only did Jim Crow refer to anti-Black laws and restrictions such as Black codes and poll taxes; it was a way of life dominated by widely accepted societal rules that relegated Black people to the role of second class citizens. In the autobiography of Anne Moody entitled Coming of Age in Mississippi, Moody describes growing up as a poorRead MoreWhy Had A System Of Jim Crow Race Relations1664 Words   |  7 PagesWhy had a system of Jim Crow race relations emerged in the southern United States by the end of the nineteenth century? After the Union victory in the Civil War in 1865, about four million slaves obtained their freedom in the United States of America thanks to the Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution. One former slave, Houston Hartsfield Holloway, wrote about it, in a very peaceful way †¦we coloured people did not know how to be free and the white people did not know how to

A Culture Can Be Characterized By Geographical Features,

A culture can be characterized by geographical features, eating habits, family, and religious beliefs. All of these can change over time. However, how it begins is the foundation for all humankind. The Ancient Greek and Roman societies emphasized religion as the heart of their life. Everything in their lives centered on their religion. Religion is a part of any society in the world. It affects people’s lives everyday. Religion is â€Å"the belief in and worship of a superhuman controlling power, especially a personal God or gods†. People sacrifice valuable things to please their god or goddesses. During this time period there was no society that didn’t have a religious aspect to them. The Ancient Greeks were Polytheists, they focused mainly†¦show more content†¦This shows the level of respect and trust they had for Athena and all other gods as well. The temple of Erechtheion was not dedicated to just one god/goddess. It had at least eight deities that we re linked to this building. Those being Athena, Poseidon, Erechtheus, Zeus, Dione, Hermes, Kekrops and Butes. Both of these architects had the same classical style to them. The Romans and Greeks had many similarities and differences. The Romans were based around a mixture of superstitions, tradition and religion. The Roman Religion wasn’t based on any central belief. Just like the Greeks the Romans were Polytheistic. Over the course of emperors in the Roman Empire, many tried to change the way of life. Constantine the Great was one of those Emperors who ruled from 306-337 AD. He created what society now knows as Christianity. Right before fighting, Constantine had a vision of a symbol of Christ. Even though the change from one to religion to another wouldn t go peacefully he felt as if he had a sign from god to change it. Constantine ended up winning the fight, which led him to convert. At first Christianity became the religion for the poorer classes. Over time it acquired mo re wealth and spread rapidly and extensively. It soon became the Official State Religion which suppressed Religious freedom and even persecuted non-Christians. Julius Caesar was another Emperor in Ancient Rome from 49- 48 BC. He was known as a politician, general and notable author. He wasShow MoreRelatedThe Human Race Of South Africa937 Words   |  4 Pagesno gene pools. Therefore, there is no human race that is intellectually superior to another. The human race has been distributed in different geographical locations with a particular physical feature. Below are some of the races found in various parts of the world? The Natural habitat Caucasian from North Africa, the Indian, Southwest Asia, and Europe. The group is made up of Nordic, Alpine, east Baltic, Mediterranean among other groups. These groups of people are different from other groups significantlyRead MoreAsian Yuppies: Having It All1309 Words   |  6 Pagesmarketing mix. The Asian market is composed by many countries what also involve different cultures and preferences, as well as unequal living standards. To get an approach to the unknown market in order to design the marketing mix the segmentation of the market is the primary step. There are three main different ways to segment the market; geographically, demographically and psychographically. Generally the geographical market segmentation is based on variables such as region, country size, and densityRead MoreLiepers Model1593 Words   |  7 Pagessystem. Tourism, in fact, is a human experience, enjoyed, anticipated and recalled by a lot as a historic and/or life time aspect. Therefore, defining the tourist and its classification turns out to be equally relevant. (2) Geographical Elements: Leiper describes three main geographical elements in his system’s model. These are: (i) Traveller-generating region (ii) Tourist destination region (iii) Transit route region The traveller-generating region (TGR) exemplifies the area breeding markets for tourismRead MoreThe Five Differences Between Physical And Human Geography1618 Words   |  7 Pagesthe earth surface. It is defined for geography using two terms, absolute and relative. Absolute location -vs- relative location â€Å"Absolute location answers the question â€Å"where is it†Ã¢â‚¬ (The Five Themes of Geography pdf). It’s the place on earth which can be located using longitude and latitude. The specific spot on the planet. â€Å"Relative location is the relationship of a place to other places† (The Five Themes of Geography pdf). Bridges, schools, bodies of water and different businesses may be used inRead MoreCulture Background Affects Communication Essay755 Words   |  4 Pagesdifferent cultural background. 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However, nowadays, the key aspect is the universal nature of such, issue t has an effect on an exceptional transformation on a global scale causing a drastic impactRead MoreKeny The Heartland Of Eastern Africa1549 Words   |  7 Pagesto north border of Somalia. Characterized by a variety of geographical features, this region introduces a variety that is noticeable as one ventures north or south. The larboard shoreline contains a mass sweep of coral rocks obstructed by varies waterways. Traveling inland from the coast, a traveler will experience a thin plain that lowers into a plateau eventually reaching an of about 500 feet, then becomes a line of discontinuous ridges. The main geographic feature of the northern part of the regionRead MoreHrm And Domestic Hrm Pr actices1487 Words   |  6 Pageslocated; and other countries from where the organization may source the labor, finance or research and development. A few major aspects that differentiate domestic HRM from IHRM are the difficulty of operating in different countries as well as different cultures. International HRM addresses a broader range of activities than domestic HRM. This includes international taxation, coordinating foreign currencies and exchange rates, international relocation, international orientation for the employee posted abroadRead MoreClassical Roman Art Vs Early Christian There are many similarities and differences between800 Words   |  4 Pageshow much these two cultures have in common when it comes to their art and architecture. Romans were geniuses when it came to engineering and we can see that in the monuments they left behind. Many early Christian architectural styles and ideas were adopted straight from the Romans. Their communities became organized geographically much like those of the Roman provincial governments. Christian cultural styles derived straight from Roman visual traditions. Early Christian art features the adoption ofRead MoreGlobalization : The North America, By Thomas Friedman Essay1516 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"process of interaction and integration among peoples of different nations, has strengthened human ties while our race has formed societies in every corner of the globe. As our world becomes more interconnected, the resulting blend of cultures has led numerous societal features to be shared between peoples, blurrin g cultural division lines. Globalization’s tying binds may frustrate many modern travelers seeking unique and special travel experiences due to the standardization of destinations resulting from

Captain Preston’s Trial Accounts - 773 Words

Since the 1960s, considerable disagreements between North American colonists and British soldiers derived in the so called â€Å"Boston Massacre† because of imposed laws by the British Empire into the colonies. After this conflict that took place on March 5, 1770, Captain Thomas Preston was charged with murder. The event occurred as a response of a series of violent encounters between the two groups. Curiously, Capt. Preston trial was delayed until October 24 in order to calm down witnesses’ exasperations. However, the witnesses who declared in the trial gave controversial and questionable testimonies; as a result, it creates indeterminate conditions to make a valid verdict. Among the allegations, Capt. Presto stood between the infuriated town and soldiers; for that reason, it was not clear if the order to shoot was given and if it was, the order came from behind the soldiers. After considering all declarations there were not sufficient evidences to condemn Capt. Pre sto because British soldiers acted in self-defense. Therefore, my decision for the case is that Capt. Preston was not guilty of giving the order to fire. Several conflicts between the colonist and soldiers ended in the Boston Massacre which resulted as a response to some laws imposed in the colonies from the British Empire. Examples of these laws were: the stamp act in perpetuity, which was repelled after colonists’ protests; the Townshend Revenue Act, which add new taxes to goods like sugar, tea, glass, etc.; andShow MoreRelatedBoston Massacre Essay Outline1164 Words   |  5 Pagesof The Boston Massacre began with a few colonists throwing snowballs at a soldier outside the Custom House in Boston, Massachusetts. (Text, 155) The argument began to escalate as more colonists gathered. Captain Thomas Preston arrived with a number of soldiers to maintain order. (Text, 155) Captain Preston tried to get the crowd to disperse; however, the crowd continued to throw snowballs, stones, and sticks at the British soldiers. Then one of the soldiers fired into the crowd and soon after, a numberRead MoreThe Causes Of The Boston Massacre1211 Words   |  5 Pagesthe colonial elite and was used by that same group to further escalate emotions and anger within the colonies to secure a united call for a much-desired revolution. Before one can make a clear assessment of the evidence available for Cpatian Preston’s trial, it is important to note the environment proceeding the Boston Massacre. This event did not stem from nowhere, tensions had been steadily increasing between the colonists and England, but what was the result of this tension? Most people tendRead MoreMultiple Perspectives Psactivity1778 Words   |  8 PagesMultiple Perspectives: Primary Source Activity Directions: On the night of March 5, 1770, several Boston residents were shot and killed by British soldiers in what became known as the Boston Massacre. What follows are several images and first-hand accounts from eyewitness to and participants in the event. Following each primary source are questions to help you examine and interpret the information. Primary source #1: Report of the Committee of the Town of Boston (patriot viewpoint) On Friday, the 2dRead MorePrimary Sources of Boston Massacre2239 Words   |  9 PagesLegal Papers of John Adams, No. 64, Rex v Wemms | John Adams | 1755-1784 | To record what he heard and saw during the trial and how he defended for the British soldiers. | Despite the fact that most eyewitnesses’ testimonies denounced Captain Thomas Pretson ordering his men to fire upon the citizens, he believed these people were biased and words aren’t 100% reliable. | Anonymous account of the Boston Massacre March 5 1770 | Unknown | Unknown | To briefly explain what caused the people to rise up againstRead MoreEssay on The Boston Massacre: Whos to Blame1917 Words   |  8 Pageshad buckets of water, after responding to a fire alarm. Others had clubs to defend themselves or perhaps to threaten the despised â€Å"lobsterbacks.† Private Hugh White was, in fact, being threatened by several wigmakers’ apprentices (Aron 24). When Captain Thomas Preston heard of Private White’s situation, he came with seven other soldiers to help. Words escalated into snowballs and stones, and the soldiers began to fight back with the butts of their guns. The crowd of Bostonians was growing and nowRead MoreA Massacre or a Riot? Essay1536 Words   |  7 PagesMassacre is viewed with overwhelming bias and many contradictions in accounts exist, yet overall the â€Å"Boston Massacre† is better defined as a riot than an actual massacre. The Soldiers were provoked to fire upon the crowd, and the actual scope of the provocation could be much greater than many of the Patriotic witnesses testified. Many contradictions exist in the evidence, and without proper proof one must assume the Soldiers and the Captain to be innocent until proven guilty. In the days and weeks leadingRead MoreBoston Massacre vs. Kent State Shootings3432 Words   |  14 Pagesevents all built up to the final climax in each of the two situations. On March 5th, 1770, a British captain, John Goldfinch, was stopped by a wig-makers apprentice, Edward Garrick, who accused Goldfinch of not paying for his new wig. The captain ignored Garrick and continued on his way despite Garricks protests. A sentry by the name of Hugh White heard the commotion and told Garrick that Captain Goldfinch was a gentleman and would pay for the wig if he hadnt. Garrick responded by saying thatRead MoreThe British And The American Colonies3148 Words   |  13 PagesParliament clearly claimed the right to pass laws â€Å"in all cases whatsoever† with the Declaratory Act. For some in the British government, they would simply find another way to raise revenue from the colonies. What Happened During the Boston Massacre and Trial? With the tensions continuing to rise between the colonists and the British, despite the efforts from both sides to settle things down, some of the more patriotic and more enraged groups of people, like the Sons of Liberty, confronted the troops GarrisonedRead MoreContemporary Issues in Management Accounting211377 Words   |  846 Pagesalso reflective of a wider tradition of significant involvement in the practical sphere by senior British accounting academics. For we must remember that it was Professor Edward Stamp who was one of the first to call the British audit profession to account with his questioning of ‘who shall audit the auditors?’ The subsequent institutional response has most likely gained as much from the likes of Professors Harold Edey, Bryan Carsberg, Ken Peasnell, Geoffrey Whittington, and  ´ David Tweedie as it has

Establishment New Project Management Techniques

Question: Discuss about the Establishment New Project Management Techniques. Answer: Introduction The studies conducted by the previous researchers specify that indifferent project management techniques have been implemented by the project managers to establish a successful design of the project. In the circumstance of the similar statement, Davidson Frame (2014) determined that the procedure of introducing new projects into the stream, demands for the improvement and establishment of the new management technique that can limit the procedural hindrances. Considering the previous content, Lock (2007) asserted that it is highly important to organise the project process in the day-to-day operations. The inclusion of the systematic process directly facilitates the management with a faster decision making techniques and scrutinise on the policies that are initiated for critical path method. The current study attempts to evaluate the significance of a structured methodology in the project management process. Moreover, the study attempts to compare the similarities and dissimilarities b etween two methodologies and identifies its importance in the project life cycle process. Definitions of methodology and its significance in the project management Institute Project (2013) inferred that a methodology is the system of broad principles that offers effective interpretive measures to resolve a particular issue. However, Levin (2013) claimed that unlike an algorithm, a methodology is not the formula. The methodology is comprised of a set of practices that directs the project manager with corrective process and disciplines to resolve the critical obscurities. The role and significance of the methodology in the project management process are discussed below: Strategic benefit In the framework of the present context, Hyvri (2006) determined that the project management methodology facilitates an organisation to comprehensively tackle the project based issues. It also involves different systematic and integrated process to limit the change of acceptable risk occurrence. The implementation of the effective solution helps the project managers to tactfuly handle the situation and similarly designing the operational process efficiently. Tactical benefit At the tactical level, the methodology often permits the off-site managers to gain confidence in the status assessments delivery process. According to Davidson Frame (2014), the tactical methodology level ensures an early recognition and correction of identified issues. The identification majorly helps the manager to examine the risk category, based on which the resolving actions are initiated. Operational benefit The methodology is identified as the key means which help the delivery organisation to empower the project with a correct set of technique that would be implemented on-site. Rose (2010) claimed methodology to be an essential process that enables the delivery organisation to deliver cost-effective solutions to its team members. Evaluation regarding the similarities and difference between the methodologies Waterfall model The waterfall model is a non-iterative design process utilised in the software development procedure (Institute Project, 2013). In the specific model, the progress seems to flow in the downward direction via the phrases like requirement, design, implementation, verification and maintenance. Agile model An agile scrum methodology is identifiedas a lightweight project management framework consisting of the broad applicability for controlling the iterative and incremental projects of all categories. Similarities Both the methodologies are well structured. The procedural steps are structured through code, unit test, fixing issues, design, performing the system testing process and finally the delivery process. Differences The waterfall model is identified as the traditional model that used to evaluate a project with the scientific approach. However, according to Davidson Frame (2014), the agile is the rapid application development and comparatively an updated model than the waterfall model. Thus, the majority of the project managers are following the agile methodological structure due to its updated list of information. Relation between the chosen methodologies and the project life cycle The project life cycle incorporates the steps like project validation, risk reductions, lifecycle cost, business cost, project validation revision and prioritisation by capital project committee. According to Rose (2010), both the waterfall and the agile framework consist of the procedural designs that satisfy the determinants of the project life cycle process. Both the methodologies include the process of project validation, risk reduction and project investigation. Thus, the previous content specifies that the both the frameworks are viable for conducting an efficient project management process. Following both the methods, the project manager would receive the equal guidance of creating a disciplined project outline and operational process. Conclusion The current project attempts to evaluate the significance of the methodology in the project management system. Analysis the current study, an inference can be drawn that both the waterfall and agile framework are suitable to mitigate the requirements of the project life cycle. However, the attributes of the agile framework are more update than the waterfall model. References Davidson Frame, J. (2014). Reconstructing project management. Project Management Journal, 45(1), e2e2. Hyvri, I. (2006). Project management effectiveness in project-oriented business organizations. International Journal of Project Management, 24(3), 216225. Institute, P. M., Project, M. I. (2013). A guide to the project management body of knowledge (PMBOK guide). United States: Project Management Institute. Levin, G. (2013). Project management for non-project managers. Project Management Journal, 44(5), e2e2. Lock, D. (2007). Project management: 9Th edition (9th ed.). Aldershot: Ashgate Publishing. Rose, K. H. (2010). The complete project management methodology and toolkit. Project Management Journal, 41(2), 8284.

ROLE PLAYING GAMES Essays - Digital Media, Video Game,

ROLE PLAYING GAMES ROLE PLAYING GAMES This is the new and modern concept in game world. Role-playing games refers to all those games in which participant assume the role of a character and act like him. In other world we can also say that a player plays a game by assuming him as a particular fiction base character and continues the story of the character till the game ends. These games are flexible in nature and player can make changes in the game as per his convenience. As these games are fiction based and hence no relation with any kind of reality, these are played just for fun and entertainment or for recreation purpose in your free time. This is not just a single game, actually they are basically a storytelling kind of game, and where after completion of a round a player has to move to another round. You can also say that this is a game having many rounds, its on you how much level you cross. If you are a perfect player, you can end the game. These role-playing games are known as the best friends of children's. In their free they always play these games for fun and enjoyment. Even these games teach a lot about the society. So you can say that it's a good source of social issue too. History of role-playing game is not so old, as it is a new concept. It starts in 1960's with the concept of theater games and then it modified in 1970's as fantasy war games. The first official game was developed in the year 1974, and named Dungeons and Dragons, and it becomes very popular though it was a subject of controversy in 1980. After seeing the success and popularity of these role-playing games, they develop more and more games, and earn lots of profits, by this new invention in the field of games. Nowadays these games are the best source of recreation and fun for kids and being played in almost every country. If we are discussing about role-playing games, then it is must to discuss about its benefits and what are its positive points than other games. First and main benefits is that it is completely flexible in nature and players can play these games as per the comfort, they can create their own players, own teams, etc. By making score a child can easily understand the concept of math study, statistics and even accounting. It is a part of social activity too as it is played between two players or a two teams, makes the relation between each other. As these are completely fiction-based games, there is no danger of physical injuries to the players. This is also a cheap source of game and entertainment and you don't have to spend large amount of money to play these games. In India, these are the most popular games among kids, as nowadays kids are very smart, hence they always like to play the different and newest games. And these role-playing games suited them a lot. They mostly play these games in their Computer, whenever they are free from their studies. They can play this game single or with any of their friend. These games are also one of the reasons that improve the knowledge capability of the kids. But still there are lots of advanced games that had not been discovered yet in India, due to lack of modern technology. In few modern Play schools, teachers study kids with the help of these role-playing games, it improves the learning skills among them. So these are my views what we think about role-playing games and how it is beneficial to us, and I also thinks that you all are satisfied with my above views, and there are great demand of these games all over the world. Though mostly people thinks that these games are bad for the kids, but after going through the positive points as per the above they also know its benefits in students life, as it is a best stress remove source too.

Nursing Essay Essays

Nursing Essay Essays Nursing Essay Essay Nursing Essay Essay Nursing as an Art and Science Introduction The debate of whether nursing is an art or science or even both continues to draw the interest of many people. However, for many years in the past, the notion that nursing is both an art and science has gone unchallenged. The current pieces of literature are now actively challenging this theory to try proving that we cannot classify nursing as either science or art. As a nurse, patients expect that one provides the necessary care and attention that will help in their healing. Therefore, patients hope that nurses are compassionate and can meet their emotional needs. Clearly, knowledge is not enough to ensure the healing of victims but rather nurses must exercise that compassion. Nursing essay examples The nurse will need to know what exactly is wrong with the patient, determine what it is he or she can do to help the patient recover and to meet the expectations of the patient. Additionally, the nurse should use his or her skills to explain the plan of care and to ensure that the patient understands. Some of these tasks that the nurse performs play a huge role in classifying nursing as an art or science. Some nurses have uncritically accepted the assertion that nursing is a science, confident that this designation assures academic and professional respectability (Bishop Scudder, 1997). Indeed, the interaction between a nurse and a patient is an art and science. Therefore, this paper seeks to understand why research classifies nursing as both an art and science but not as either. Nursing as a Science According to Bishop and Scudder (1997), nursing cannot be a science in the traditional sense of science in the West since in this tradition; the purpose of science is to disclose the truth about some aspects of the world. Nursing does not seek truth through theoretical explanations but rather nurses foster healing and wellbeing of patients. However, nurses do use knowledge from scientific inquiry in caring for the patient and through this recognition; it is clear that nursing involves applied science. Lillis, LeMone, LeBon and Lynn (2010) argue that nursing, as a science, is quite apparent and is easily noticeable. Every nurse must have the knowledge of science, which means that nursing as a science is all about knowing. The nurse should be aware of the patient-based care plan (NCP), disease mechanisms, medications, management of illness, and was to manipulate new diagnostic equipment and machines. Therefore, nursing as a science involves numbers and the expected results. Knowing what is wrong with patients, why they are in the hospital and the information needed in the treatment process, all encompass the science part of nursing. Philosophy of nursing essay Nursing as an Art It is important to get over the notion that art is a commodity to understand nursing as an art. Instead, one should comprehend that it is both a product and a process. According to Gaydos (2006), art as a process is a craft or an artistic intent, which is an intention to appeal to the senses while fulfilling a practical necessity. Often this is the sense in which to express the art of nursing. Indeed, decades ago, there were courses in nursing arts that included practicing how to talk to patients, learning how to make patients comfortable, perfecting psychomotor skills of care such as transferring patients from bed to chair, making the bed, dressing changes traction setups, and backrubs. The traditional purpose of art in the West was to create beauty whereas the goal of nursing is to foster healing and wellness; nurses foster healing and wellness in ways that can legitimately be termed as artistic (Bishop Scudder, 1997). The meaning of nursing as an art has evolved since Florence Nightingale first declared it as the finest of the Fine Arts from domestic art, helping art, expert technical performance art to transformative art (Gaydos, 2006). However, there is no consensus yet that accepts nursing as an art. Moreover, it is hard to define nursing as an art partly because the language and methods of healing are those of science rather than aesthetics. Gaydos (2006) thinks of the art of healing as a holistic experience, co-created in a relationship with the purpose of turning everyday patient encounters into extraordinary meetings that produce the aesthetic effect of pleasure and love. According to Lillis et al. (2010), the art of nursing is more than lots of science since it is more of doing, unlike science that is more of knowing. This art is the innate capacity to respond to the needs of individuals and the nurses awaken it through constant interaction with the patients. Apparently, a nurse must consider various options before responding to the needs of the patient, which too constitutes the art of nursing. Sometimes nurses apply the science but do not practice the art, which brings negative change in patients. If the nurse fails to use compassion that is an art, then he or she will create fear among the patients, which will fail to heal the patient despite the administration of the right treatment. According to Loewenstein (2003), science is not worth the paper it is printed on if the patient does not trust the instincts, actions or words, which is the art part of nursing. Moreover, Wainwright (1999) adds that if nursing is an art, it is the whole of nursing, n ot just one aspect. The CRNM standards as a science or an art The College of Registered Nurses of Manitoba (CRNM) provides some standards of practice for registered nurses. These rules act as a guide to how nurses work while handling the patient. According to these criteria, nurses ought to deliver client-centered care to the patients by identifying their needs and communicating the plan of attention to them in the right manner that they can understand which builds trust in the nurse. Client-centered care also requires that the nurse provides the necessary information and references to patients to help them make informed decisions. Similarly, nurses must display competence. Additionally, nurses should maintain the standards to develop and maintain professional relationships with the patients and other members of the team. This aids in fostering collaboration and leadership while helping the nurses to administer safe healthcare services to patients. Moreover, nurses must observe the ethical standards set for this profession. Ethical nurses should be responsible and professional in addition to behaving in a respectable manner while dealing with other members of the team or patients. Consequently, these standards describe nursing more as an art since the nurses apply their skills to ensure that they comply with the criteria. Conclusion To conclude, one can classify nursing as both an art and science but not as either. However, in the real sense, he or she cannot strictly call nursing a science or art. Therefore, this classification of nursing as an art and science is just a common assumption. The science of nursing is all about knowing about diseases and their treatment. However, it is clear that knowing how to treat patients is not enough to respond positively to the treatment. Simply put, the science of nursing is about knowing the numbers and the results while the art is the skill of using this knowledge to administer treatment to patients in a compassionate and creative manner to foster healing and well-being of patients. Nevertheless, the art aspect of nursing is more crucial than the science aspect, but one cannot perform without the other. References Bishop, A. H., Scudder, J. R. (1997). Nursing as a practice rather than an art or a science.Nursing Outlook,45(2), 82-85. Gaydos, H. L. B. (2006). The art of nursing.Explore: The Journal of Science and Healing,2(1), 70-74. Lillis, C., LeMone, P., LeBon, M., Lynn, P. (2010).Study guide for fundamentals of nursing: The art and science of nursing care. Lippincott Williams Wilkins. Loewenstein, M. (2003). The art of nursing.Nursing2015,33(12), 48-49. Wainwright, P. (1999). The art of nursing.International journal of nursing studies,36(5), 379-385. Own nursing experience and importance of clinical practice Since nursing requires practice, a thorough guide by those already in the profession is essential. Clinical practice being an integral part a students education that allows direct to the real world of clinical routines. During my five weeks in practice, I have come to learn several things that are critical in the life of a nursing professional. I began my practice by taking on some patients in the hospital. The tasks that I was involved in were the administration of medicines and IV therapy. The process of taking in patients involved admission and discharge of patients to a home or any other facility. To be able to manage these responsibilities, I was required to familiarize with the environment and the patients needs. Another important tool that I would use was time management. This meant that patients safety should be the number one priority. I also learned that teamwork is also a key point. This was effective in that one could seek advice and help in case someone was not sure of w hat to do in a particular situation. Performing the above tasks was a bit easier on my part because I had some experience. However, there are those areas that I lacked experience. These areas included wound management. Wound management requires critical thinking on the patients current condition. This ensures that any possible pressure is prevented. Other areas included learning how to prevent a patient from falling off the bed. Communicating with the patients family who most of the times are always nervous was also a tussle. Communication is hard because it required a clear choice of words because the intention is always to reassure and calm down the family. These and other incidents needed one to handle them efficiently. Five weeks of experience in;nursing career For a person to succeed in the nursing career, I learned that experiences need a built up base immediately the incidents or events happen. Most of these incidences require a person to be calm and self-reassurance that all will be well. One needs to believe in their abilities and remember that people work together as a team. This means that in case one is stuck with a particular task, there is always room to seek advice and help from those with more experience. Other insights to being a better person in my nursing career meant being prepared at all times. This means that a student should always be prepared for being able to understand what to do, being at the right place at the right time, and being alert to new experiences. Guidance is also a key point that I learned during my five-week placement. This means that one should graduate from being an observer to seeking more knowledge, and from focusing on the technology used to getting involved with the patients through personal visits. ; In summary, guidance and preparedness were imperative in making the five weeks educative. The five weeks were quite an experience for me in my nursing career. Though I was nervous at the beginning of this practice, I realized that I needed further practice in other clinical areas such as wound management. Others areas that required some additional knowledge were time management and medication. All in all, I was able to manage the pressures during the five weeks period, and this reassured me that I was on the right path of my nursing career.

Summary of chapter 6 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Summary of chapter 6 - Essay Example Sole proprietorship is a kind of business formation where the enterprise is under the ownership of one individual. Some of the advantages of this type of business form include, profit retention, it is very easy to form, ownership pride, control retention and tax related advantages. Disadvantages for this type of business form include financial limitations, unavailability of permanence and unlimited liability. Corporations are business entities that are separated from owners completely and are thus considered as legal entities. The stockholders are the real owners of the entities but they have a board of directors who are responsible for the formulation of objectives and missions. The stockholders elect the board for their interest’s representation. Apart from these, other business forms that exist in the world are acquisitions and mergers. Acquisitions result from the buying or take over of one business enterprise by another. Mergers occur when two business organizations make an agreement to combine and form a single organization. These mergers are of three types and these are vertical, horizontal and conglomerate. A business may also adopt a divestiture approach where spin offs and carve outs are done on the business. This allows the business to streamline its focus and operations. Another mode of a business specialization is franchising where a new franchise that uses the original business’ practices and trademark is formulated. An example of a successful company that has used this model is

Aboriginal Residential Schools Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Aboriginal Residential Schools - Essay Example According to this report, it is obvious that there are highly-paid government jobs available in such areas, however, the Inuit community is unable to avail such opportunities due to lack of formal education. In some cases, even if a member of the Inuit community is formally educated he is not qualified for that particular job. Consequently, the burden of unemployed individuals has to borne by the Canadian government. According to the findings of this study, the poverty of aboriginals is not only linked with unemployment. Lack of secondary education coupled with poor health and living conditions also worsen their economic situation. The difference between the majority non-Aboriginal population and minority Aboriginal peoples speaks volumes about the imbalance in Canadian society. It is imperative to raise their living standards by encouraging them to pursue higher education so that they can meet the demands of the job market. Alternatively, specific jobs for Aboriginals should be created so as to streamline their workforce in the mainstream labor market. It is indeed a daunting task to redress the disarray that has been made out of residential schools, but the Canadian government is grave about making definite changes. The government is also serious about resolving the problem of unemployment as this places an undue burden on the national economy. If the Aboriginal population could contribute somehow towards the national economy, the Canadian economy and society both would benefit a great deal from such measures.

Gender Discrimination Against Women in the Workplace Essay Example for Free

Gender Discrimination Against Women in the Workplace Essay Traditionally, women have been considered to be the weaker sex and subordinate to men. Moreover, their roles have been assigned to domestic and childrearing duties. The job market is male dominated, and women are often considered to be out of place therein. Women face considerable sexual discrimination in the world of work, significantly limiting their employment prospects and subsequent advancement in their careers. Women generally find it more difficult than men to acquire a fulltime job. What is more, when they can successfully find work, they often struggle to extend their reaches and advance to higher positions. The jobs women are granted are very often those with low status and correspondingly lower income. As Harolambos (Sociology: Themes and Perspectives) says, â€Å"Women face a number of disadvantages in paid work. Firstly, they tend to be lower paid than men. Secondly, they are more-likely to be in part-time work. Thirdly, they tend to concentrated in the lower reaches of the occupations in which they work. Fourthly, women tend to do particular types of jobs, usually those with low status.† In aquiring a job, it must be remembered that more often than not, the employer is male. Men are the ones in the job market with power and authority, and thus make the majority of the decisions – including who gets hired. As Peter Worsley (The New Introducing Sociology) puts it, â€Å"Within the gendered workplace, it is invariably men who are overwhelmingly in positions of power and authority. It is men who, by-and-large, make decisions.† When prospective female employees are being considered for employment, several biases tend to come into play in the minds of the employers. Firstly, male applicants for the job are often given more preference because it is assumed that they have a wife and family to support. In the view of many employers, the role of women as breadwinners is a subordinate one to that of their husband (if she is married). Added to this fact, women lead more complex social lives than that of men. They often must balance their roles as financial providers and child caregivers. Employers often ask personal questions to female applicants. They aim to obtain background information. This may include her marital status, whether she has any children and their ages, or if she is a single mother. Then they interpret these pieces of information in several, prejudiced lights. For example, if she is married, they assume that her husband is the primary breadwinner and her role will be subordinate. This puts the female applicant at a disadvantage when compared to a male applicant with a â€Å"wife and family to support.† Or they may assume that a single parent mother with a young child may need too much personal time to fulfil her parental roles at the loss to the employer (manifesting as a loss in â€Å"man-hours†). Women – both single and married – may even be asked if they intend to have children at a job interview, perhaps informally. And if they say â€Å"yes†, thoughts of maternity leave, subsidized childcare and their costs immediately spring in the minds of the employer. A woman who leaves her job on maternity leave often runs the risk of not having a job to return to. â€Å"Britain for example, has the lowest rate of maternity leave in the European Union. Sixty percent of women in the United States have no adequate access to such leave.† (David Bender and Bruno Leone, 1989) In Trinidad and Tobago, women had virtually no protection from such discrimination until 2001, when the Maternity Leave Act was passed – guaranteeing that their job would still be available on their return. Many mothers are at pains to find fulltime work. Their parental demands make it difficult to pursue a fulltime career. Employers often make no provisions for them, as well as women returning from maternity leave, in the way of workplace creche and nursery services. Their part-time status means that they earn significantly less. Ironically, they earn less just at the time when they need more funds to support adequate childcare. The jobs women are usually able to get tend to be of low status, and low paying. â€Å"Society has made it such that even if a woman wanted to go against the norms and get a job in the work force she would not get very far. About 75 percent of the jobs in the well paying professions are held by men and even if women are able to get equal jobs as men they still get paid considerably less.† (David Bender and Bruno Leone, 1989) In the professional world, women seem to be trapped in the clerical field, with very few ever reaching managerial positions, even and despite of their having adequate qualifications. In 1950, women composed 30 percent of the workforce. Over 50 years later, this number has increased to 47 percent. Yet, today, women who work full-time, year-round earn 76 cents for every dollar men earn. This is in part due to the limited career options of women compared to that of men, in addition to the usual disparity in pay. Many jobs are so designed, that their â€Å"qualifications† are deterrents to female applicants and favour males. For example, to be a firefighter, you have to pass a strength test – and even if a woman passes, she may still be denied access if she is not of the required height and weight. Thus, such jobs tend to be male oriented. Increasingly however, women are being granted them as old attitudes and norms change. But this has lead to yet another ill – workplace violence against women is on the increase in such careers. It seems that in traditionally male dominated fields, such as the armed forces and the utilities, women earn less only to suffer more. In 2001, 14,170 lost-time injuries or illnesses resulting from assaults and violent acts on women in the American workplace were reported, whereas men suffered from 9,464. Although women compose 47 percent of the workforce, they suffer 60 percent of these attacks. About 36,500 rapes occur in the workplace annually, approximately 80 percent of which occur against women. In 2001, female fatalities in the American workplace as a result of assaults and violent acts numbered 30.8 percent. Men however, had only a 13.9 percent workplace fatality rate due to assaults and violent acts. Without doubt, women are the ones who suffer more from workplace violence. Unquestionably, women experience discrimination in the world of work. Although the prospects for improving the current state of affairs may seem bleak, there is hope. As increasing numbers of workingwomen and their supporters lobby for change, those in authority have started listening. The gender disparity in pay is decreasing and women now have a greater range of career opportunities. Progress has been slow. But considering it requires the changing of norms established from the dawn of society, the advancement has been significant. While gender discrimination may exist for quite some time to come, it can be expected to decrease as time goes on.

The Effects of Acid Deposition on Humans and the Environment :: Environmental Ecology Essays Pollution Acid Rain

Acid Deposition One of the biggest environmental problems that needs dealing with in society today is acid deposition. It is largely caused by humans, and causes much pollution to the environment and harms people and buildings as well. Although there are minimal positive sides to this issue, the negatives far outweigh it and call people around the world to take action to reduce and even solve this problem. Coming in both wet and dry forms, acid deposition consists of acidic pollutants including nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides that have been deposited from the atmosphere to the surface of the earth. There are both wet and dry forms of acid deposition, wet forms being referred to as acid precipitation. Acid precipitation is the result of sulfur and nitrogen oxides reacting in the atmosphere with water vapor. This returns to the earth as acid rain or snow. Dry deposition occurs when these oxides react without water and they settle out of the atmosphere onto the earth. Acid deposition can come from a number of different sources such as smokestacks, trucks and cars. More than 90% of the sulfur in the atmosphere comes from humans. Coal burning, the smelting of metal sulfide ores, and automobile exhaust are major human contributions to sulfur dioxide in the atmosphere. Similarly, 95% of the increased nitrogen oxide levels in the atmosphere are a result of the activities of humans. The activity that contributes the most to these elevated levels is the combustion of oil, coal, and gas. Attention was first drawn to acid deposition in the 17th century when the bad effects of industry and acidic pollution on both vegetation and people were noticed. In the 1960s, it became an international problem when fishermen noticed declines in fish numbers and diversity in lakes across North America and Europe. Acid deposition causes many problems such as these worldwide, and is clearly a problem that needs to be properly dealt with. There are different negative affects of acid deposition to different environments on the earth. In soils where a possible buffer of basic material isn’t as great, plant nutrients are often lost, the germination of seeds and the growth of young seedlings are hurt, and plants may become over-fertilized by nitrogen. The plants in this instance often experience reduction in growth rates, flowering ability, and overall yield. This makes the plants more vulnerable to disease, insects, drought, and frost. Trees are also affected by acid deposition.

Nursing Portfolio Essay

INTRODUCTION Recently, due to contraception fills, adolescent pregnancy has been decreased, nonetheless, issues of adolescent pregnancy have increased worldwidely, because they are not uncovered superficially. First of all, adolescent pregnancy is an area where intensive nursing care and social and family support are required. In part 1, with regard to teens pregnancy and care, I have collected various artefacts and reviewed them. In this portfolio, I will show how those artifacts help me to learn nursing care with regard to adolescent pregnancy including teenagers, newborn and family. In addition, I will present how I would utilize the artefacts to lead to my future nursing practice successfully. EFFECTS OF ADOLESCENT PREGNANCY FOR AISHA AND JARAD The Victoria government report has helped me to understand the circumstances of teenagers who have experienced pregnancy and the effects relating to their pregnancy. As a future nurse, it is vital to know the social and environmental background of adolescent pregnancy. In terms of circumstances of pregnant adolescents, it has been found that pregnancy rates are higher among teenagers who include those factors as follows (The Victoria government 2014) . family violence, or sexual abuse or conflict often occurs . A teenager who has low self-esteem, low socioeconomic background . An adolescent who has low maternal education . rural or remote or Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander residents. As the webpage gives the information about complications with teenage pregnancy, I have known that teenagers have greater risks of medical complications during pregnancy and the reasons. The major reasons for their medical complications are that they find out their pregnancy late or do not  know how to approach healthcare service (The Victoria government 2014). Moreover, their nutrition state during pregnancy is improper and hence, they experience premature labour and deteriorating their health condition such as anaemia and emotional distress. Also, the charts from sccanny organization show children born to teenage mother have low birth weight, under 2.5 Kg (Scanny organization 2014). The information has taught me to be prepared the background knowledge of negative effects of teens pregnancy on both their children and themselves before look after an adolescent mother. PRENATAL, POSTNATAL ISSUES FOR DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY IN ADOLESCENT MOTHER AND THEIR FAMILIES As soon as an adolescent has a baby, it can be a burden to her and her family rather than pleasure in normal pregnancy. Before making a nursing plan for an adolescent mother, it is essential to diagnose their depression and anxiety. The YouTube video shows what is their depression and anxiety precisely and succinctly. I have comprehended that their anxiety and depression come from the problems such as parenting difficulties, continuity of study or not and finance to breed their children (PCA 2014). Nurse Review Organization’s webpage has provided me with disgnosis and intervention with respect to teen pregnancy (Nursereview 2014). In the future practice, I will educate their family to decrease a stereotype in relation to adolescent pregnancy and emphasize the significance of education for an adolescent mother if she is concerned about dropping her school. Besides, I will refer her to organizations to help her financial difficulties in raising her children and also advise her to take counseling programs with regard to her study. THE SIGNIFICANCE OF FAMILY SUPPORT DURING PREGNANCY AND CHILDBIRTH The roles of a nurse include not only caring her patient but also talking to the patient’s family and educate them. Above all things, in adolescent pregnancy, family support cannot be overemphasized because a teen mother is not prepared to give birth and breed. This video gives very useful tips to  persuade their family that might be upset or frustrated due to their daugther’s or girl friend’s pregnancy in order to help the teen mother as highlighting how the teen mother feels scared and worried about her pregnancy (999advicechannel 2011). As I learned in the video, I will explain the necessity of family support and ask the family to help their adolescent mother actively in the real practice. The cooperation among the adolescent mother, family and nurse will bring about successful outcomes in the perspective of mental and physical health of the teen mother and her child. Moreover, advocatesforyouth website has offered what organization takes the initiatives and programmes for teens pregnancy in each country and the world (Graczkyk 2008). Therefore, I will recommend the programmes or organisations to a teen mother patient who does not have any family or partner that can support her in the future practice. THE NURSE’S ROLE IN RELATION TO CARING FOR AN ADOLESCENT MOTHER DURING PREGNANCY AND AFTERBIRTH A more anxious and depressed teenager mother than an adult mother needs the delicate and attentive care of a nurse (Graczkyk 2008). Therefore, the role of nurse includes mothering teenagers, educating them and their family as well as conducting professional nursing practice for them (Grazkyk 2008). Essentialbaby.com websites offers Australian vaccination schedule for new born. I will memorize the immunization schedules and also provide them to a teen mother under the hospital regulation (Baby Health 2014). In addition, I will educate adolescent mothers about the significance of immunization so that they cannot miss the proper time for immunization of their children. Also, I will provide holistic education about how to care a new born baby to a teenager mother and father as I have seen the YouTube video. I will be pleased to demonstrate the ways how to feed, bathe and handle a newborn baby, otherwise, I will show the education video for teenage mothers and fathers. Moreover, I will tell them if there is any urgent situation regarding their baby, notify it to me or other nurses (InfirmaryHealth 2013). CONCLUSION Through this activity, I have become more confident and competent with respect to caring an adolescent mother. I have acknowledged that caring a teen mother is required a more considerate, and professional nursing mind that can consider their situation, anxiety and depression since a teen is not expected to be a mother as early as they can. I will facilitate the collaborative atmosphere among a teen mother, her family and me to create better outcomes of care in the health of the teen mother and the baby. Furthermore, I will provide explicit education for an adolescent mother and her family and guide them to appropriate programs and organization to help them. I am sure that I will play a major role as a nurse to care a teenager mother professionally and support them so as to prevent worse outcomes such as deterioration of their health and social problems. REFERENCES 999Advicechannel. (2011). _Teen pregnancy and support_. Retrieved from BabyHealth. (2014). _Australian vaccination schedule_. Retrieved from http://www.essentialbaby.com.au/baby/baby-health/australian-vaccination-schedule-20081110-5l9w.html Graczyk. A. (2008). _Maternal mortality an overlooked crisis_. Retrieved from http://www.advocatesforyouth.org/publications/publications-a-z/436-adolescent-maternal-mortality-an-overlooked-crisis Infirmary Health. (2013). _Caring for your newborn baby_. Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wLnVNIx2nkw Nurse Review . (2014_). The pregnant adolescent_. Retrieved from PCA (2014). _The Effects of Teen Pregnancy PSA_. Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ggSjURqR66I Scanny Organisation (2014). _Teen pregnancy_. Retrieved from http://www.scaany.org/documents/teen_pregnancy_dec08.pdf. The Victoria Government. (2014). _Teenage pregnancy_. Retrieved from http://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/bhcv2/bhcarticles.nsf/pages/Teenage_pregnancy?open

Learn About Common Cores IEP Math Goals

The IEP math goals below are aligned to the Common Core State Standards, and are designed in a progressive manner: once the top numeration goals are met, your students should be moving on through these goals and onto the intermediate grade goals. The goals that are printed come directly from the site created by the Council of Chief State School Officers, and adopted by 42 states, the American Virgin Islands and the District of Columbia. Feel free to copy and paste these suggested goals into your IEP documents. Johnny Student is listed where your students name belongs. Counting and Cardinality Students need to be able to count to 100 by ones.  IEP  goals in this area include examples such as: When given numbers representing numerals between one and 10, Johnny Student will order and name the numbers in the correct order, for eight out of 10 numbers with 80 percent accuracy in three of four consecutive trials.When given a hundred chart with 20 of the number blocks blank, Johnny Student will write the correct numbers in the blanks for 16 of 20 blanks (demonstrating 80 percent accuracy) in three of four consecutive trials.   Counting Forward Students need to be able to count forward beginning from a given number within the known sequence (instead of having to begin at one). Some possible goals in this area include: When given a card with a number between one and 20, Johnny Student will count up five numbers from the number on the card, with 80 percent accuracy in three out of four consecutive trials.When given written sequences of numbers (such as 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) with five blanks, Johnny Student will correctly write the numbers in the five blanks, with 80 percent accuracy in three out of four consecutive trials. Writing Numbers to 20 Students should be able to write numbers from zero to 20 and also represent a number of objects with a written numeral (0 to 20). This skill is often referred to as one-to-one correspondence where a student demonstrates an understanding that a set or array of objects is represented by a particular number. Some possible goals in this area might read: When given 10 picture arrays representing numbers between one and 10, Johnny Student will correctly write the corresponding number in the accompanying box (on the accompanying line) for eight of 10 numbers (showing 80 percent) in three of four consecutive trials.When given an array of counters and a set of number cards from one to 10, Johnny Student will find the corresponding number and lay it next to the array with 80 percent accuracy in three out of four consecutive trials. Understanding Relationships Between Numbers Students need to understand the relationship between numbers and quantities. Goals in this area might include: When given a template with 10 squares, and presented with counters in varied arrays from one to 10, Johnny Student will count aloud, naming each counter as it is placed in a square with 80 percent accuracy in three out of four consecutive trials.When given an array of counters from one to 20, Johnny Student will count the counters and answer the question, How many did you count? with 80 percent accuracy in three out of four consecutive trials.